Reluctance is derived from the idea of struggling against something. It expresses a disinclination to act, express or engage that is paralyzing in its effects.

Unlike procrastination when matters to be accomplished are put off or delayed, reluctance conveys an inner resistance that may be permanent. Reluctance also suggests a hiding-out due to ambivalence about one’s own competence or merit such that a person appears inhibited or constrained in their behavior. It typically takes the form of unwillingness to express thoughts to others, disinclination to undertake a project or aversion to initiating and developing relations with others.